Kyoto, the cultural heart of Japan, is a city that seamlessly blends the ancient with the modern. Known for its stunning temples, traditional tea houses, beautiful gardens, and rich history, Kyoto offers a plethora of experiences for travelers. Whether you are here for a few days or a longer stay, this guide will help you navigate the best things to do in Kyoto, divided into sections based on temples, culture, food, entertainment, shopping, outdoor activities, festivals, and nightlife.
Temples
1. Kinkaku-ji (The Golden Pavilion)
Kinkaku-ji, or the Golden Pavilion, is one of Kyoto’s most iconic landmarks. This Zen Buddhist temple is covered in gold leaf, creating a stunning reflection in the surrounding pond. The meticulously landscaped gardens and the tranquil atmosphere make it a must-visit site.
Take your time strolling through the grounds, which include a small teahouse where you can enjoy matcha tea and traditional sweets. The temple is especially beautiful in autumn when the surrounding trees display vibrant fall colors.
2. Fushimi Inari Taisha
Fushimi Inari Taisha is famous for its thousands of vermilion torii gates that create a path up the sacred Mount Inari. This Shinto shrine is dedicated to Inari, the god of rice and prosperity. The hike to the top offers panoramic views of Kyoto and a sense of spiritual serenity.
Start your visit at the main shrine, then follow the torii gate path through the forest. The hike can take two to three hours, but you can turn back at any point if you’re short on time. Along the way, you’ll encounter smaller shrines and fox statues, which are believed to be Inari’s messengers.
3. Kiyomizu-dera
Kiyomizu-dera, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is known for its wooden stage that juts out from the main hall, offering breathtaking views of Kyoto. The temple is especially popular during the cherry blossom and autumn foliage seasons.
The temple complex includes several other structures, such as the Jishu Shrine, dedicated to the deity of love and matchmaking. Don’t miss the Otowa Waterfall, where visitors can drink from three streams, each believed to grant different benefits.
4. Ryoan-ji
Ryoan-ji is famous for its Zen rock garden, which is considered one of the finest examples of Japanese dry landscape gardening. The garden consists of 15 rocks laid out in a way that encourages contemplation and meditation.
Walk around the garden and find a spot to sit and reflect. The simple, minimalist design of the garden allows you to focus on the arrangement of the rocks and the patterns in the gravel, which are raked daily by the monks.
5. Sanjusangen-do
Sanjusangen-do is renowned for its 1,001 statues of Kannon, the goddess of mercy. The main hall is the longest wooden structure in Japan, and the sight of the golden statues lined up in rows is truly awe-inspiring.
Take your time walking through the hall and admiring the craftsmanship of each statue. The temple also hosts an annual archery competition, known as Toshiya, which dates back to the Edo period.
Culture
1. Gion District
Gion is Kyoto’s most famous geisha district, characterized by its traditional wooden machiya houses, tea houses, and cobblestone streets. Stroll through Hanami-koji Street and keep an eye out for geiko (Kyoto dialect for geisha) and maiko (apprentice geisha) as they make their way to appointments.
For a deeper understanding of geisha culture, visit Gion Corner, where you can watch traditional performing arts such as tea ceremonies, ikebana (flower arranging), and Bunraku (puppet theater). If you’re lucky, you might catch a glimpse of a maiko or geiko heading to an evening engagement.
2. Nishiki Market
Known as “Kyoto’s Kitchen,” Nishiki Market is a narrow, five-block long shopping street lined with over a hundred shops and restaurants. It’s the perfect place to sample local delicacies such as yuba (tofu skin), tsukemono (pickles), and fresh seafood.
Wander through the market and try the various street food offerings. Many vendors offer free samples, so you can taste before you buy. The market is also a great place to purchase Kyoto specialties like matcha, Japanese knives, and artisanal ceramics.
3. Kyoto International Manga Museum
The Kyoto International Manga Museum houses an extensive collection of manga (Japanese comics), with over 300,000 volumes available for visitors to read. The museum offers a fascinating look into the history and cultural impact of manga in Japan and around the world.
Browse the open-shelf collection, which includes manga in multiple languages, or visit one of the special exhibitions. The museum also hosts workshops and events, such as live manga drawing sessions and lectures by famous manga artists.
4. Kyoto Imperial Palace
The Kyoto Imperial Palace was the residence of the Japanese imperial family until the capital moved to Tokyo in 1869. The palace and its gardens are open to the public, offering a glimpse into the life of Japan’s imperial court.
Join a guided tour to learn about the history and architecture of the palace. The surrounding Kyoto Gyoen National Garden is a beautiful place to explore, with walking paths, ponds, and seasonal flowers.
5. Nijo Castle
Nijo Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site, was built in 1603 as the residence of the first shogun of the Edo period, Tokugawa Ieyasu. The castle is known for its beautiful gardens, ornate interiors, and the “nightingale floors” that chirp when walked on to prevent sneak attacks.
Explore the Honmaru and Ninomaru Palaces, which feature stunning wall paintings and intricate woodwork. The surrounding gardens are meticulously landscaped and offer a peaceful retreat from the city.
Food
1. Kaiseki Cuisine
Kaiseki is a traditional multi-course meal that showcases the season’s freshest ingredients. Kyoto is famous for its kaiseki cuisine, which emphasizes subtle flavors, beautiful presentation, and a harmonious balance of taste, texture, and color.
Experience kaiseki at a high-end restaurant such as Kikunoi or Hyotei. Each course is a work of art, carefully crafted to highlight the natural flavors of the ingredients. Reservations are often required, so plan ahead.
2. Yudofu (Tofu Hot Pot)
Kyoto is known for its high-quality tofu, and yudofu, a simple hot pot dish, is a local specialty. Soft tofu is simmered in a light broth and served with dipping sauces and seasonal vegetables.
Visit a traditional tofu restaurant such as Okutan or Tousuiro to try yudofu. The dish is often enjoyed in a serene setting, providing a moment of calm and reflection.
3. Matcha (Green Tea) Sweets
Kyoto is the heart of Japan’s tea culture, and matcha, or powdered green tea, is a local specialty. You’ll find a wide variety of matcha-flavored sweets, from soft-serve ice cream and mochi to cakes and chocolates.
Visit a tea house such as Tsujiri or Nakamura Tokichi for an authentic matcha experience. Pair your sweets with a bowl of freshly whisked matcha for a perfect afternoon treat.
4. Obanzai Ryori
Obanzai ryori is a traditional style of Kyoto home cooking, characterized by small, seasonal dishes made with locally sourced ingredients. It’s a wholesome and comforting meal that reflects the region’s culinary traditions.
Try obanzai at a local restaurant like Kamehameha or Obanzai Murakami. The dishes are often served in a cozy, homelike atmosphere, making it a great way to experience Kyoto’s hospitality.
5. Nishin Soba
Nishin soba is a Kyoto specialty made with buckwheat noodles topped with sweet, soy-simmered herring. The dish has a rich, savory flavor and is particularly popular during the colder months.
Enjoy nishin soba at a soba restaurant such as Matsuba or Honke Owariya, which has been serving soba for over 550 years. The warm, comforting broth and tender herring make it a satisfying meal.
Entertainment
1. Kyoto Gekijo (Kyoto Theater)
Kyoto Gekijo offers a variety of performances, including traditional Japanese theater such as kabuki, noh, and kyogen. The theater’s ornate design and intimate atmosphere make it a great place to experience Japan’s performing arts.
Check the schedule for upcoming performances and consider booking tickets in advance. Many shows offer English translation devices, making it accessible for international visitors.
2. Gion Corner
Gion Corner is a cultural theater in the Gion district that offers a condensed introduction to several traditional Japanese arts. Performances include tea ceremonies, ikebana, koto (Japanese harp) music, and traditional dance.
The hour-long show provides a taste of Japan’s rich cultural heritage in a single sitting. It’s an excellent option for those with limited time who want to experience a variety of traditional arts.
3. Samurai and Ninja Museum
The Samurai and Ninja Museum offers interactive exhibits on Japan’s feudal era, including samurai armor, swords, and ninja tools. Visitors can participate in a samurai sword experience, ninja training, and a tea ceremony.
The museum’s hands-on approach makes it a fun and educational experience for all ages. Dress up in samurai armor or ninja costumes and take part in photo sessions for a memorable experience.
4. Kyoto Aquarium
The Kyoto Aquarium is home to a diverse range of marine life, including seals, penguins, and dolphins. The aquarium’s highlight is the massive tank that replicates the local marine environment of Kyoto’s coastline.
Don’t miss the dolphin show and the interactive exhibits that allow you to get up close with the animals. The aquarium is a great destination for families and marine enthusiasts.
5. Nijo Castle Light-Up
During certain times of the year, Nijo Castle hosts special light-up events that illuminate the castle and its gardens with beautiful lighting displays. The event creates a magical atmosphere and offers a unique perspective of the historic site.
Check the event schedule and plan your visit accordingly. The light-up events often include traditional performances and food stalls, making it a festive and enjoyable evening.
Shopping
1. Shijo Street
Shijo Street is one of Kyoto’s main shopping avenues, lined with department stores, boutiques, and souvenir shops. It’s a great place to find traditional Kyoto crafts, such as kimono, pottery, and fans.
Stroll through the street and explore the various shops. Don’t forget to visit the basement food halls of the department stores, which offer a wide range of local delicacies and beautifully packaged sweets.
2. Nishiki Market
Nishiki Market, also known as “Kyoto’s Kitchen,” is a must-visit for food lovers. The market offers a wide variety of fresh produce, seafood, pickles, and street food.
Shop for unique food items and Kyoto specialties, such as yuba (tofu skin), green tea, and local sweets. The market is also a great place to find kitchenware and cooking utensils.
3. Teramachi and Shinkyogoku Shopping Arcades
These parallel shopping arcades run north to south between Shijo and Sanjo Streets. They offer a mix of traditional and modern shops, including clothing stores, souvenir shops, and cafes.
The covered arcades are perfect for a leisurely shopping trip, rain or shine. Explore the small side streets for hidden gems and unique finds.
4. Kyoto Handicraft Center
The Kyoto Handicraft Center is a great place to shop for high-quality traditional crafts. The center features a wide range of items, including ceramics, textiles, lacquerware, and jewelry.
You can also participate in workshops to create your own crafts, such as pottery painting or cloisonné (enamelware). The center’s knowledgeable staff can provide insights into the history and techniques of the crafts.
5. Kyoto Station
Kyoto Station is not only a transportation hub but also a shopping destination. The station complex includes several shopping malls, such as The Cube, Isetan Department Store, and Porta Underground Shopping Mall.
Shop for souvenirs, fashion, and electronics, or enjoy a meal at one of the many restaurants. The station’s architecture is impressive, with a futuristic design and a sky garden offering panoramic views of the city.
Outdoor Activities
1. Arashiyama Bamboo Grove
The Arashiyama Bamboo Grove is one of Kyoto’s most photographed spots. Walking through the towering bamboo stalks creates a serene and otherworldly experience.
Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the crowds. The nearby Tenryu-ji Temple and its beautiful gardens are also worth a visit, and you can enjoy a scenic boat ride on the Hozu River.
2. Philosopher’s Path
The Philosopher’s Path is a scenic walking trail that follows a canal lined with cherry trees. The path is named after the famous Japanese philosopher Nishida Kitaro, who is said to have meditated while walking this route.
The trail runs from Ginkaku-ji (the Silver Pavilion) to Nanzen-ji Temple and takes about 30 minutes to walk. It’s especially beautiful during cherry blossom season in spring and when the leaves change color in autumn.
3. Kamo River
The Kamo River runs through the heart of Kyoto and offers a peaceful escape from the bustling city. The riverbanks are popular spots for walking, jogging, and picnicking.
Rent a bicycle and ride along the riverside paths, or enjoy a leisurely stroll. In the summer, the riverside is lined with temporary dining platforms called yuka, where you can enjoy a meal with a view of the river.
4. Kyoto Botanical Gardens
The Kyoto Botanical Gardens are the oldest public botanical gardens in Japan, featuring over 12,000 species of plants. The gardens are beautifully landscaped and include a rose garden, a bonsai collection, and a conservatory.
Explore the gardens at your own pace and enjoy the seasonal flowers. The gardens are a peaceful retreat and a great place to relax and unwind.
5. Mount Hiei
Mount Hiei, located on the northeastern edge of Kyoto, offers hiking trails with stunning views of the city and Lake Biwa. The mountain is home to Enryaku-ji, a historic temple complex that is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Take the Eizan Cable Car to the top of the mountain, then hike to the various temple buildings and enjoy the scenic vistas. The area is especially beautiful in autumn when the leaves change color.
Festivals
1. Gion Matsuri
Gion Matsuri is Kyoto’s most famous festival, held annually in July. The festival dates back over a thousand years and features elaborate parades with giant floats, traditional music, and street food stalls.
The highlight of the festival is the Yamaboko Junko parade, where intricately decorated floats are pulled through the streets. The festival also includes various religious ceremonies and cultural events throughout the month.
2. Aoi Matsuri
Aoi Matsuri, held on May 15th, is one of Kyoto’s oldest festivals, dating back to the 6th century. The festival features a grand procession with participants dressed in Heian-period costumes, making their way from the Imperial Palace to the Kamo Shrines.
The highlight of the festival is the procession of the Saio-dai, a woman chosen to represent the imperial princesses who served at the shrines. The festival’s elegant and historical atmosphere makes it a unique cultural experience.
3. Jidai Matsuri
Jidai Matsuri, or the Festival of Ages, is held on October 22nd and celebrates Kyoto’s long history. The festival features a procession of over 2,000 participants dressed in historical costumes representing various periods of Kyoto’s history.
The procession starts at the Imperial Palace and ends at the Heian Shrine, providing a colorful and educational journey through Japan’s past. The attention to detail in the costumes and the historical significance make it a fascinating event.
4. Kyoto Gozan no Okuribi
Kyoto Gozan no Okuribi, also known as the Daimonji Festival, is held on August 16th as part of the Obon festival. The event features five giant bonfires lit on the mountains surrounding Kyoto, forming the shapes of Chinese characters and symbols.
The fires are lit at dusk and can be seen from various points in the city. The festival is a traditional way to send off the spirits of ancestors who are believed to visit during Obon.
5. Arashiyama Hanatouro
Arashiyama Hanatouro is a winter illumination event held in December. The bamboo groves, temples, and bridges in the Arashiyama area are lit up with thousands of lanterns, creating a magical nighttime experience.
Stroll through the illuminated pathways and enjoy the festive atmosphere. The event also features traditional performances and food stalls, making it a delightful winter outing.
Nightlife
1. Pontocho Alley
Pontocho Alley is one of Kyoto’s most atmospheric dining areas, known for its narrow, lantern-lit streets and traditional wooden buildings. The alley is lined with restaurants and bars, offering a range of cuisines from traditional kaiseki to modern fusion.
Enjoy dinner at a riverside restaurant with a view of the Kamo River, or explore the small bars and izakayas for a more casual experience. The charming ambiance of Pontocho makes it a perfect spot for a night out.
2. Gion District
Gion is not only famous for its geisha culture but also for its nightlife. The area is home to many traditional tea houses, bars, and nightclubs. Experience an evening of traditional entertainment or enjoy a drink at one of the stylish bars.
If you’re lucky, you might see a maiko or geiko heading to an evening appointment. For a unique experience, book a dinner with geiko and maiko entertainment, where you can enjoy traditional music, dance, and games.
3. Kyoto Tower
Kyoto Tower offers stunning nighttime views of the city. The observation deck, located 100 meters above ground, provides a 360-degree view of Kyoto’s skyline, including illuminated temples and modern city lights.
After taking in the view, head to the Sky Lounge for a drink. The tower is conveniently located near Kyoto Station, making it a great starting or ending point for your evening.
4. Kamogawa Riverside
The Kamogawa Riverside is a popular spot for evening strolls and picnics. The riverside paths are lined with benches and offer a peaceful escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.
Join the locals for a leisurely walk or bring a blanket and enjoy a riverside picnic. The gentle sound of the river and the soft glow of the city lights create a relaxing atmosphere.
5. Nishijin District
The Nishijin District, known for its traditional textile industry, offers a different kind of nightlife experience. Visit a sake bar or a traditional izakaya to sample local sake and enjoy small plates of delicious food.
The area’s quiet streets and traditional buildings provide a charming backdrop for an evening out. It’s a great place to experience Kyoto’s local culture and hospitality.
Conclusion
Kyoto is a city that truly has something for everyone. Whether you’re exploring its iconic temples, immersing yourself in its rich cultural offerings, savoring its diverse cuisine, enjoying its vibrant entertainment scene, indulging in retail therapy, engaging in outdoor activities, celebrating at its festivals, or experiencing its dynamic nightlife, you’re sure to have an unforgettable experience. So pack your bags, grab your camera, and get ready to explore all that the cultural heart of Japan has to offer!